Electricity in Gas Works

Synergies in the integration of energy net-works for electricity, gas, heating and cooling

Transformation of the energy sector to efficiency and climate protection The increasing demand for energy services in conjunction with extensive climate protection targets requires significant changes within the European energy sector. Consequently, a continuous transition from conventional and fossil fuelled power generation to low-carbon or even carbonfree generation is expected in the power ...

Electricity and Gas Theft

Greenhouse Gas Analysis of Electricity Generation Systems

All renewable energy systems make some contribution to climate change. This is due to the emission of greenhouse gases from the fossil fuels combusted for their construction, and as back-up energy during their operation. Accurate calculation of greenhouse gas emissions per kilowatt hour of electricity is difficult, but is an important part of policy making and planning. Calculation methodologie...

Natural Gas and Electricity Optimal Power Flow

In this paper, the combined natural gas and electric optimal power flow (GEOPF) is presented. It shows fundamental modeling of the natural gas network to be used for the GEOPF, and describes the equality constraints which describe the energy transformation between gas and electric networks at combined nodes (i.e., generators). We also present the formulation of the natural gas loadflow problem,...

The Future of Electricity (and Gas) Regulation

This paper discusses whether a new paradigm is necessary for independent economic regulation of electricity (and closely associated natural gas) systems. We begin by summarising the nature of the traditional model of electricity reform and the place of economic regulation within it. Next we outline the drivers for changing the current model of electricity regulation, namely, the maturity of the...